Trends in Speech Act Research on Facebook, Instagram, and X: A Literature Review


Date Published : 30 May 2025

Contributors

Riza Gilang Ernawati, Nani Solihati , Roissatunnisa Assholihah, Imam Zubaidi, Suryani

Author

Keywords

speech acts social media literature review research trends

Proceeding

Track

General Track

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Proceedings UHAMKA

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Abstract

The use of Facebook, Instagram, and X (Twitter) has contributed to the development of pragmatic research, particularly studies on speech acts. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to analyze trends in speech act research on the social media platforms Facebook, Instagram, and X during the period 2024–2025. The findings indicate that speech act research on social media in 2024–2025 is dominated by the platform X (47%), followed by Instagram (30%), and Facebook (23%). The most frequently used objects of analysis representing digital interaction are tweets or posts (59.26%) and comment sections (29.63%). In addition, illocutionary speech acts constitute the most frequently studied focus. These studies generally examine political communication/campaigns, local product marketing, the dissemination of issues or social criticism, and users’ emotional expression on social media. Thus, research trends on speech acts in social media during the 2024–2025 period tend to focus on the analysis of illocutionary speech acts in various digital communication contexts, with tweets, posts, and comments as the primary objects of study, predominantly on the X, Instagram, and Facebook platforms.

References

Andriani, A. R. (2024). Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi di Media Sosial Instagram (Kajian Pragmatik) [Analysis of Illocutionary Speech Acts on Instagram Social Media (A Pragmatic Study)]. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton, 883–893.
Annisa, Zam., Dewi Herlina Sugiarti., S. R. (2024). Skala Kesantunan Berbahasa Dalam Reels Di Akun Instagram Helobagas : Kajian Pragmatik [Linguistic Politeness Scale in Reels on Helobagas Instagram Account: A Pragmatic Study]. 10(11), 875–884.
Apriliany, Y., Zahra, A., Iswara, N., Arofah, S. N., & Noor, S. (2024). Tindak Tutur Ekspresif dalam Mention Confess ( Menfess ) di Akun Twitter @ Convomfs : Kajian Sosiopragmatik [Expressive Speech Acts in Mention Confess (Menfess) on Twitter Account @Convomfs: A Sociopragmatic Study]. 116–122. https://doi.org/10.23917/jkk.v3i2.287
Ardini, C. R., Nabila, R., Meliyana, R., & Agustina, R. N. (2024). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Dalam Cuitan Twitter Cawapres Gibran Rakabuming Raka Dalam Masa Kampanye Kontestasi Pilpres 2024 [Illocutionary Speech Acts in Tweets of Vice Presidential Candidate Gibran Rakabuming Raka During the 2024 Presidential Election Campaign Period]. 4.
Booth, A., Sutton, A., & Papaioannou, D. (2025). Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Butar-butar, C., & Isman, M. (2022). Tindak Tutur Pencemaran Nama Baik (Suatu Kajian Linguistik Foresik) [Defamation Speech Acts (A Forensic Linguistic Study)]. Serunai Ilmu Pendidikan, 10(2), 417–427.
Fadhilah, N., & Arimi, S. (2024). Inkrah Ujaran Kebencian atas Kasus Pencemaran Nama Baik oleh FA di X : Sebuah Kajian Pragmatik Forensik [The Final Legally Binding Verdict of Hate Speech in the Defamation Case by FA on X: A Forensic Pragmatic Study]. 15(2), 206–219.
Fauzi, A. R., & Fikriyyati, I. (2025). Pelanggaran Kesantunan Berbahasa pada Tuturan Penolak dan Pembela Ba ’ alawi di Kolom Komentar Facebook Reels [Violations of Linguistic Politeness in the Utterances of Ba'alawi Rejecters and Defenders in the Facebook Reels Comment Section]. Caraka: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan, Kesastraan, Dan Pembelajarannya, 12(1), 590–605.
Febriani, W. P. (2025). Analisis Tindak Tutur pada Iklan Pemasaran Produk Lokal di Media Sosial Twitter X [Analysis of Speech Acts in Local Product Marketing Advertisements on Twitter X Social Media]. 11(3), 3218–3230.
Hartono, Budi., M. M. (2025). Kesantunan Berbahasa Warganet dalam Komentar Akun Instagram @PSSI: Tinjauan Pragmatik [Netizens' Linguistic Politeness in the Comments of @PSSI Instagram Account: A Pragmatic Review]. 9(2), 167–183.
Hibatullah, F. I. (2024). Tindak Tutur dalam Bahasa Promosi Jual Beli Merchandise K-Pop di Media Sosial X (Twitter) [Speech Acts in the Promotional Language of K-Pop Merchandise Buying and Selling on X (Twitter) Social Media]. Universitas Negeri Malang. https://repository.um.ac.id/362397/
Lian, Yohanes Pemandi., Y. M. L. N. (2024). Pelanggaran Prinsip Kerja Sama Komunikasi di Laman Grup Facebook “Viktor Lerik Bebas Berbicara” [Violations of the Cooperative Principle of Communication on the Facebook Group Page "Viktor Lerik Bebas Berbicara"]. 7(1), 61–74.
Mayyola, Y., & Ramdhani, I. S. (2023). Tindak tutur ilokusi pada unggahan akun Instagram @Sandiuno [Illocutionary speech acts in posts on @Sandiuno Instagram account]. Lingua Rima: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 12(2), 61–69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31000/lgrm.v12i2.8642
Muhammad Ziddan Rizqon Nafi, Haafizhoh Salzabil Sausan, H. P., & Maharani, Tiara Kristya Alfika, Intan Ayu Rahma Yuniar, Asep Purwo Yudi Utomo6, R. G. K. (2025). Tindak Tutur Representatif dalam Unggahan Media Sosial Instagram @ taulebih . id pada tahun 2025 [Representative Speech Acts in Instagram Social Media Posts of @taulebih.id in 2025].
Nakula, J., Ilmu, P., Sosial, I., Maghfiroh, I., Jl, A., Km, P., Madura, P., & Timur, J. (2024). Kesantunan Berbahasa dalam Media Sosial : Kajian Pragmatik terhadap Komentar Online [Linguistic Politeness on Social Media: A Pragmatic Study of Online Comments]. 2.
Neyarasmi, Fadilah., N. H. (2024). Bahasa Sindiran di Twitter (X): Studi Pragmatik Terhadap Tweet Politik Populer [Sarcastic Language on Twitter (X): A Pragmatic Study of Popular Political Tweets]. X, 28–35.
Nova, I. F., & Winarti, D. (2024). Ungkapan marah dalam Komunitas Marah-Marah di media sosial X ( kajian sosio- pragmatik ) [Expressions of Anger in the Marah-Marah Community on X Social Media (A Socio-Pragmatic Study)]. 7, 749–760.
Nur, D., Putri, A., Aurelia, S., & Salsabila, S. (2025). Tindak Tutur Direktif Komentar Warganet dalam Postingan Najwa Shihab tentang “ Peringatan Darurat ” [Directive Speech Acts of Netizens' Comments in Najwa Shihab's Post about "Emergency Warning"]. 1–15.
Palupi, Nurul Azizah Putri., S. (2025). Tindak Tutur Ilokusi Postingan Buzzer Paslon 02 Pada Media Sosial Twitter [Illocutionary Speech Acts of Candidate Pair 02 Buzzer Posts on Twitter Social Media]. 19(2), 715–736.
Piantari, Lusi Lian., Era Bawarti., A. A. A. (2024). Praanggapan dan Tindak Tutur Meminta Maaf di Media Sosial [Presupposition and Apology Speech Acts on Social Media]. November, 20–21.
Sajida, Y. A., Tsaabita, Z., Permatasari, Z., Damanik, S., Qorizki, D., Fakhrani, A. F., Purwo, A., Utomo, Y., Indonesia, S., Semarang, U. N., Bahasa, P., Semarang, U. N., Bahasa, P., & Semarang, U. N. (2024). Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi dalam Cuitan Akun X Calon Presiden 2024 Nomor 1 Anies Baswedan [Analysis of Illocutionary Speech Acts in Tweets of the 2024 Presidential Candidate Number 1 Anies Baswedan's X Account]. 2(4), 31–56.
Salsabilla, A. E., Anggita, B. T., & Nurhidayah, C. (2025). Analisis Tindak Tutur Ilokusi pada Cuitan Akun Partai Gerindra di Media Sosial X [Analysis of Illocutionary Speech Acts in Tweets of the Gerindra Party Account on X Social Media]. 171–183.
Sari, Erina Atika. Ninda Andin Nur’Ainiyah, Akbar Maulana, Anggara Rizqi Ramadhani, H. J. P. (2024). Analisis Tindak Tutur Lokusi dalam Akun X @Susipudjiastuti [Analysis of Locutionary Speech Acts on X Account @Susipudjiastuti]. 220–227. https://doi.org/10.23917/jkk.v3i3.292
Sari, C. P., Gunawan, H., Rustinar, E., & Hakim, M. (2025). Tindak Tutur Direktif Dalam Qoutes Akun Instagram @ marioteguh [Directive Speech Acts in Quotes of @marioteguh Instagram Account]. 4(4), 907–922.
Syahid., et al. (2025). Tindak Tutur Ujaran Kebencian Bermuatan Antargolongan di Media Sosial Indonesia: Kajian Linguistik Forensik [Speech Acts of Intergroup Hate Speech on Indonesian Social Media: A Forensic Linguistic Study]. Mabasan: Masyarakat Bahasa & Sastra Nusantara, 19(19), 179–198.
Titahena, Merlyn., E. Y. (2025). Kesantunan Berbahasa di Media Sosial: Analisis Pragmatik pada Percakapan di Instagram [Linguistic Politeness on Social Media: A Pragmatic Analysis of Conversations on Instagram]. 7(2), 121–132.
Wahidah, F., & Munawwaroh, P. (2025). Strategi Bahasa Warganet : Bentuk dan Fungsi Tindak Tutur di Kolom [Netizens' Language Strategies: Forms and Functions of Speech Acts in the Column]. 235–255. https://doi.org/10.23917/jkk.v4i2.453
Wulandari, P. (2024). Tindak Tutur Ekspresif dalam Hubungan Antara Ayah dengan Anak Terkait Isu Fatherless Pada Media Sosial X: Kajian Pragmatik [Expressive Speech Acts in Father-Child Relationships Related to the Fatherless Issue on X Social Media: A Pragmatic Study]. 2024.
Yuliawan, T., & Riau, U. I. (2024). Tindak Tutur Direktif Warganet di Media Sosial Instagram KPU _ RI Postingan 7 Hari Menuju Pemilu [Netizens' Directive Speech Acts on KPU_RI Instagram Social Media Postings 7 Days to the Election]. 31(1), 90–104.

Downloads

How to Cite

Riza Gilang Ernawati, Nani Solihati , Roissatunnisa Assholihah, Imam Zubaidi, Suryani, R. G. E. N. S. , . R. A. I. Z. S. (2025). Trends in Speech Act Research on Facebook, Instagram, and X: A Literature Review. Proceedings UHAMKA, 3(1). https://conferences.uhamka.ac.id/uhamka/paper/view/329