Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Incidence in Tangerang City, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, with a consistently high burden reported across various regions. In Tangerang City, the Health Office recorded 4,019 confirmed TB cases in 2020, which increased to 4,791 in 2021. This study aims to analysed the incidence and associated factors of tuberculosis in Tangerang City in 2021. A descriptive-analytical approach with a cross- sectional design was employed. The study utilized total sampling, involving all registered TB patients— both pulmonary and extrapulmonary—resulting in a total sample of 10,773 individuals. Secondary data were obtained from the Tangerang City Health Office TB surveillance database for the year 2021. The findings revealed that the majority of TB cases occurred among females, adults, HIV-negative individuals, non-diabetics, and those with a history of new case treatment. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between TB incidence and gender, HIV status, and treatment history. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified gender as the most influential factor in predicting TB incidence in the study population. These results highlight the need for targeted TB control strategies that consider gender-specific vulnerabilities and reinforce integrated screening for comorbid conditions. Strengthening surveillance and programmatic responses tailored to local epidemiological profiles is essential for effective TB prevention and control in urban settings like Tangerang City.